Abnormal lateral malleolus morphology and its association with physical function in Japanese adolescent competitive athletes; Cross-sectional study.

Summary: When young athletes sprain their ankles, they sometimes chip a tiny piece of bone on the outside of the ankle. This is called Abnormal Lateral Malleolus (ALM). This study looked at Japanese teen athletes to see how having ALM affects their movement.

The researchers examined 170 feet and found that athletes with ALM have flatter, wider feet, stiffer ankles, and weaker toes. Because of these changes, their feet can't absorb shock as well when they land from a jump. This poor balance makes them much more likely to sprain their ankles again. Checking for flat arches and stiff ankles could help coaches and doctors keep young athletes safe!