Cost-effectiveness of computed tomography screening for lung cancer in the United States.

Summary: Lung cancer screening with CT scans saves lives, but is it worth the high cost to the healthcare system? A major simulation study reveals a surprising twist: the financial value of screening depends almost entirely on whether the patient quits smoking. If the screening process encourages a patient to quit, the cost-effectiveness is excellent. However, if the patient continues to smoke—or smokes more because they feel "safe" after a clear scan—the benefits are nearly erased. Ultimately, screening works best when paired with aggressive support to help patients stop smoking for good.