Exploring multi-instance learning in whole slide imaging: Current and future perspectives.

Summary: Doctors use giant, super-detailed digital pictures of tissue to find diseases like cancer. These pictures are so huge that normal computers struggle to look at them all at once. To fix this, scientists use a clever computer trick called "Multi-Instance Learning" (MIL). Instead of looking at the whole giant picture, the computer breaks it into smaller pieces and learns which pieces show signs of disease. This review of over 90 studies shows that new computer tools, like "Transformers," are making this process much better, helping doctors spot cancer faster and more accurately.