Imaging Anatomy of the Ankle in Normal and Pathological States: A Clinically Focused Pictorial Review.

Summary: The ankle is a complex joint made of bones, ligaments, and tendons that work together to help us walk and play sports. Because it has so many moving parts, it is very easy to injure. Sprains, tendon tears, and arthritis are common problems. Doctors use different types of pictures to figure out exactly what is wrong. X-rays are usually the first step to check the bones. Ultrasounds show moving parts like tendons. CT scans give a 3D view of the bones, and MRIs are best for seeing soft tissues and cartilage. New tools, like standing CT scans, are making it even easier to spot hidden injuries. This guide helps doctors understand normal and injured ankles so they can treat patients better.