Pelvic Exam vs. Pap Smear: What’s the Difference?

Summary: Do you know the difference between a pelvic exam and a Pap smear? Many people think they are the exact same thing, but they actually do different jobs!

A pelvic exam is a general check-up of your reproductive organs. Your doctor looks at your vulva, vagina, and uterus to check for things like infections, cysts, or pain. A Pap smear is a very specific test that checks for cervical cancer. During a Pap smear, the doctor uses a tiny brush to gently collect cells from your cervix to look for any dangerous changes.

You can think of a pelvic exam as a full car inspection, while a Pap smear is a specific test just for the engine. You might get a pelvic exam without getting a Pap smear. However, if you do get a Pap smear, it is always done as part of a pelvic exam! Doctors usually recommend a Pap smear every three to five years starting at age 21, but you should still see your doctor for a regular check-up every single year.

For more details, see Cleveland Clinic at health.clevelandclinic.org/know-difference-pap-test-pelvic-exam (opens in new tab)