Single-cell sequencing and transcriptomic data reveal that P65 activation significantly promotes microglia-mediated neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke.

Summary: When someone has a stroke, blood flow to the brain stops and then suddenly starts again. This process can cause severe brain damage. Scientists wanted to know exactly how this damage happens. They looked closely at brain cells called microglia, which act like the brain's immune system. They found that a specific switch inside these cells, called P65, gets turned on after a stroke. When P65 is on, it causes harmful swelling and kills healthy brain cells. But there is good news! When the scientists blocked P65 from turning on, it stopped the swelling and protected the brain. This discovery could lead to a great new treatment for stroke patients in the future.